Artificial Intelligence in Medical Education: A citation-based systematic literature review

Ikram A Burney; Nisar Ahmad

doi:10.32593/jstmu/Vol5.Iss1.183

Ikram A Burney Dept. of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
Nisar Ahmad Dept. of Economics & Finance, College of Economics & Political Science, Sultan Qaboos University, Oman

DOI: https://doi.org/10.32593/jstmu/Vol5.Iss1.183

Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Citation Analysis, Medical Education, Systematic Review

Abstract

Purpose: This review aims to describe the existing and emerging role of Artificial intelligence (AI) in medical education, as this may help set future directions.

Methodology: Articles on AI in medical education describing integration of AI or machine-learning (ML) in undergraduate medical curricula or structured postgraduate residency programs were extracted from SCOPUS database. The paper followed the guidelines of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) research methodology. Articles describing AI or ML, but not directly related to teaching and training in structured programs were excluded.

Results: Of the 1020 documents published till October 15, 2020, 218 articles are included in the final analysis. A sharp increase in the number of published articles was observed 2018 onwards. Articles describing surgical skills training, case-based reasoning, physicians' role in the evolving scenario, and the attitudes of medical students towards AI in radiology were cited frequently. Of the 50 top-cited papers, 16 (32%) were ‘commentary’ articles, 13 (26%) review articles, 13 (26%) articles correlated usefulness of ML and AI with human performance, whereas 8 (16%) assessed the perceptions of students toward the integration of AI in medical practice.

Conclusion: AI should be taught in medical curricula to prepare doctors for tomorrow, and at the same time, could be used for teaching, assessment, and providing feedback in various disciplines.

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Author Biographies

Ikram A Burney, Dept. of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman

Senior Consultant

Nisar Ahmad, Dept. of Economics & Finance, College of Economics & Political Science, Sultan Qaboos University, Oman

Associate Professor

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