Cytopenia in dengue fever and their associations: A Cohort Study
Abstract
Introduction: Dengue fever is endemic in countries like Pakistan and has multiple complications. Leukopenia and thrombocytopenia are common cytopenia that sometimes lead to complex outcomes. So, we considered it essential to find the associations of dengue-related cytopenia and planned this study.
Methodology: An observational, retrospective cohort study was conducted at Shifa International Hospital Islamabad. 125 patients from the inpatient department diagnosed with dengue fever based on clinical presentation and positive dengue non-structural protein 1 (NS1) were enrolled. Their vitamin B12 levels, minimum values of TLC (total leukocyte count), and platelet counts during admission were found in their records. All information was entered and analyzed using the SPSS 23 version. After descriptive statistics, Patients' age, gender, residence, and B12 levels were cross tabulated against the TLC and platelet count values using the chi-square test. The descriptive results were expressed in percentages, while chi-square was described as a p < 0.05, considered statistically significant.
Results: 125 patients with dengue fever were included in the study; 73 (58.4%) were male, and 52 (41.6%) were female. The mean age was 42.8, the mean B12 level was 94.3 pmol/L, the mean platelet count was 57,000/ µL, and the mean TLC was 5084.8/ µL. Age, gender, residence, and B12 levels did not affect leukopenia and thrombocytopenia in dengue patients (p > 0.05).
Conclusion: Dengue-related cytopenia is not correlated with the differences in age, gender, residence and B12 levels and mandates further research work.
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